Natural gemstone information, rubies and sapphires are very cherished gemstones, all of which are among the world's top five precious stones. Ruby and sapphire are the same minerals - two different gemstones of corundum. Ruby refers to all red-tone corundum gemstones, while sapphire refers to corundum gemstones of all colors except the red series. Red and sapphire have been loved by people for their magnificence in color. Ruby is known as the birthstone of July and is a symbol of love, enthusiasm and noble character. Sapphire is known as the birthstone of September and is a symbol of love, honesty and stability.
Ruby and sapphire are aluminum oxides with a molecular formula of Al2O3; they may contain elements such as Cr, Fe, Ti, Mn, and V. Trigonal crystal system, common hexagonal columnar, barrel-shaped, a few plate-like or leaf-like crystal form. The density is 4.00 (±0.05) g/cm3. Heterogeneous, monoaxial, negative. Strong chromaticity, refractive index: 1.762 ~ 1.770 (+0.009, -0.005). Birefringence: 0.008 to 0.010. Magnification inspection can be seen in filaments, needle-like inclusions, gas-liquid inclusions, fingerprint-like inclusions, mist-like inclusions, negative crystals, crystal inclusions, growth lines, growth ribbons, and double crystal grains. It may also have special optical effects: starlight effect, cat's eye effect (rare).
Rubies and sapphires in nature have certain defects to varying degrees. The primary factor in economic evaluation is color, followed by weight, transparency and clarity. The value of ruby ​​is in terms of color, and the pigeon blood red is the best, followed by rose red and pink. In general, Burmese ruby ​​red is bright and bright, and its value is higher than that of Thai rubies. Sapphire is best in the blue cornflowers of Kashmir, India, followed by dark blue, light blue, green and yellow. Premium sapphire prices can be compared to red rubies. The ruby ​​and sapphire particles produced in nature are small, and the value of the gemstone is increased by the square of the weight, but if the weight of the gemstone exceeds 5 carats, it is evaluated separately according to the quality of the gemstone.
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